I ttel-btjehihg system



`)une 4, 1929. J, T, JANETTE 1,715,839

FUEL BURNING SYSTEM Filed Feb. 27@ 1922 I @www Patented June 4, 1929.

UNITED STATES JOHN T. JANETTE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FUEL-BURNING SYSTEM.

Application filed February 27, 1922.

This invent-ion relates to systems or apparatus for burning liquid fuelor fuel which may be pumped through a pipe and while it is adapted forvarious purposes, it is particularly applicable to be used in connectionwith systems for heating houses or buildings.

The principal object of this invention is to provide an improvedapparatus for burning liquid fuel or the like whereby a high degree ofperfection of combustion will be obtained. @ther objects are to providea fuel burner with means for automatically regulating the supply of airto the burner at the time of starting; to provide a burner with a gaspilot light and means for automatically regulating the supply of gas tothe pilot light and to provide such other novel features and details ofconstruction as will be described more fully hereinafter. In theaccompanying drawings illustrating one embodiment of this invention:

Figure 1 is a general view of the complete system, parts being brokenaway or shown in section for convenience in illustration; y

Figure 2 is an enlarged detail taken on the line 2 2 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing a modifiedform ofconstruction of the fan driving device.

In accordance with this invention I provide an apparatus in which theliquid fuel such as kerosene, distillate, crude oil or the like is fedto the burner under pressure and the air for the burner is also suppliedunder pressure and preferably at a higher pressure than commonly used inconnection with these systems. A pilot light may also be provided whichis regulated in accordance with the pressure on the fuel so that a smallgas blaze will be normally used but a larger blaze will occur when theoil is being fed to the burner.

In the arrangement shown in these drawings a motor l is used for drivingthe fuel pump 5 which may be of any suitable construction. The fuel isdrawn by the pump through t-he feed pipe 6 which is connected to asupply tank 7. The outlet pipe 8 leads to the bottom chamber 9 of adiaphragm regulating valve 10. rIhe outlet 11 from the chamber 9 issmaller than the inlet and may be arranged by having a smaller pipe orthe same sized pipe with a smaller outlet opening. The pipe 11 isconnected with a` pipe 12 which leads to the burner 13. It is alsoconnected with a return pipe 14 which leads to the tank 7 and isprovided with an adjustable check valve 15 of any suitable con- SerialNo. 539,473.

struction whereby the pressure in the pipes 12 and 14- may be regulatedas it is the intention to supply these pipes with more fuel than will beused in the burner tip 1G. A gauge 17 is also provided for showing thepressure in these pipes.

The valve 10 has a chamber 18 in the upper part thereof with a valveseat 19 for the valve 20. The stem of this valve rests against thediaphragm 21 which extends between the upper and lower chambers andforms a closure between the same. The valve 2O is normally held againstits seat by means of a spring 22 which abuts against a cap 23 at the topof the valve. A pipe 2a leads from any suitable source of gas supply asfrom the usual gas mains to the chamber 18. Another pipe 25 is connectedwith the opening or passage 26 below the valve seat 19 and serves as anoutlet pipe which supplies the gas jet or tip 27. A by-pass 28 suppliesa permanent passageway from the pipe 2d to the pipe 25 and may beregulated by an adjusted screw 29. y

llVhen the motor is at rest gas will flow from the pipe 24 through theby-pass 28 and pipe 25 to the tip 27 to supply a pilot jet or flame forthe burner 13. As soon as the motor et is started, it will begin to pumpoil into the chamber 9 and as it cannot escape from the chamber as fastas it enters as the outlet is smaller than the inlet, pressure will becreated in this chamber which raises the diaphragm 21 and opens thevalve 20. This permits the gas to pass from the chamber 18 through theopening 26 and outlet pipe 25 so that a larger amount of gas is suppliedand a larger llame will be made as indicated by the dotted lines. Thislarge llame is necessary or desirable to thoroughlypignite the oil whichpasses through the pipes 11 and 12 to the jet 16 and from there into thecombustion box 80. This larger llame will of course be maintained aslong as the valve 2() is open but as soon as the pressure in the chamber9 is reduced the valve 20 will close and the pilot flame will return toits normal size. The excess oil furnished to the outlet pipe 11 willpass back through the pipe 14 into the tank 7 andas above set forth thepressure on this line may be regulated by the adjusting valve 15.

In order to supply air at a relatively higher pressure than ordinarilyused I utilize a pressure blower or fan 31 of the type shown in Figure 1or of any other suitable CAZ construction for this purpose. lf the airis supplied to the burner 13 as soon as the fuel begins to flow, theexcess air will tend to cool the burner and to prevent the properignition of the fuel and also to weaken or blow out the pilot light. Butas soon the fuel becomes ignited and the adjacent parts heated it isdesirable to supply the air un der suficient pressure so as to providefor etlicient and complete combustion. In order to accomplish this Iprovide means for preventing the air from being forced at once into theburner but permitting it to enter the burner at a predetermined orsuitable time after the fuel has become ignited. As shown in Figures land 2, the fan blades 32 are mounted on a hub 33 which fits loosely onthe motor shaft 3i. A ring or collar 235 is keyed or otherwise securedto the shaft 34. and has one or more projecting pins or guides 3G.Segmental weights 37 are slidably mounted on the pins 35 and are adaptedto engage With the ring or flange 38 which is secured to or formedintegrally with the hub 33. rlhe fan housing 39 has an outlet pipe 40which terminates in a nozzle l1 which surrounds the jet 16 and directsthe air into the combustion chamber 30. rlhe pipe Ll() may be arrangedin alignment or at any suitable angle with the fan casing but forconvenience is shown at right angles thereto.

l/Vhen the motor 4L is started and begins to pump fuel, the fan will notbe driven. immediately but will be gradually started and will pick upspeed as the weights 37 engage with `the rim 38 until the fan iseventually driven at the same speed as the motor.

Instead of the weights for driving the fan l may use friction shoes 4:2which are pressed outwardly from the collar 35 against the rim 38 bymeans of springs 43. ln this instance the shoes act as a friction clutchand will slip at first but will gradually bring the fan up to properspeed.

It will be noted that the motor 4 may be provided with any suitablemanual or automatic controlling means (not shown) such as thermostaticcontrolling devices and the construction and arrangement of the' partsmay be modified to suit different conditions without departing from thegeneral features of this invention. Therefore I do not Wisn to belimited to the exact construction or arrangement shown and described,except Vas specified in the following claims.

l claim:

l. In an apparatus of the character set forth, the combination of acombustion chamber, a combustion pilot light for said chamber, means forfurnishing fuel under pressure to the chamber and motor driven means forfurnishing air under pressure to the chamber at a predetermined timeafter the motor has reached its full speed and after fuel. has begun tobe supplied to the chamber and then at a gradually increasing rate andfinally at a. uniform rate during the operation of the apparatus.

2. ln an apparatus of the character set forth, the combination of a.valve having an upper and lower chamber with a diaphragm between them, afuel supply pipe leading to the lower chaniber, an outlet pipe of lesscapacity leading from. thc lower chamber to a burner, a valve in theupper chamber' actuated by said diaphragm, an inletto said valve from agas supply, an outlet to said valve leading to a pilot jet, thearrangement being such that the pressure of the eil in the lower chamberwill raise the valve to increase the supply of gas to the pilot.

3. ln a combustion apparatus, the combination of a combustion chamber, agas pilot light for said chamber, a fuel supply, a fuel jet directedinto the chamber, ieans for pumping fuel from the supply to the jet, anair inlet surrounding the fuel et and directed into the chamber, meansfor sul'iplying air to said inlet and a motor for driving the pump, hesupply means and means coacting with the motor and air supply means,whereby the air will be supplied at a gradually increasing rate for apredetermined time, but after the motor is started.

4l. ln a combustion apparatus, the combination of a motor, a fuel pumpdriven by said motor, means for supplying air, comprising a fan havingits rotor loosely mounted on the motor shaft and means for driving therotor from the shaft whereby the speed of the same will graduallypartake of the speed of the motor.

5. ln. an apparatus of the character set forth the con'iblnation of acombustion chamber, a motor, a fuel pump driven by the i'notor forsupplying fuel to the combustion chamber, a fan for supplying air to thechamber said fan having a hub loosely mounted on the motor shaft, bladessecured to said hub, guides secured to the shaft and extending radiallytherefrom and means coacting with said. guides for frictional engagementwith the hub whereby the fan will be gradually started by the mot-or.

JOHN T. JANETTE.

